Vegetable Varieties

Here is a list of Garden Vegetable Varieties that I have found in period books and magazines. After each variety, there is a simple description, if one was given, as well as the source where the variety name was found. At the bottom of the page you will also find an overview of each source.

            
Asparagus:
Giant - grown at Great Yarmouth (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
White - from Rosendael (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Common Green (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Large Purple or Dutch (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Ulm - early and deeply tinged (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Artichoke:
Globe - the best and largest (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *
Conical or French (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Provence (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Red (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Purple (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Bean:
Early Mazagan (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Longpod (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Green Longpod (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Windsor  (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Toker (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Johnson's Wonderful - most abundant (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Dwarf Fan Bean (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Kidney Bean, French Bean or Haricot:
Robin's Egg - dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Red-speckled Dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Black-speckled dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Negro (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Cream-coloured Dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Dun Dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Fulmer's Early - dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Wilmot's New Early Forcing - dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Mohawk Six Weeks -dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Chinese Speckled Dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Prince Albert - dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Newington Wonder - dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Canterbury White - dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Caseknife - runner (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *
Haricot de Soissons - French runner (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Soissons - runner (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Case-knife - runner (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Scarlet Runner Beans:
White - white blossoms (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Painted Lady - scarlet and white blossoms (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Broccoli: come in white, green and purple
White Cape - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Knight's Protecting - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Grange's Cauliflower - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Late Dwarf Tarton - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Cappel's Cream - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early White Malta - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Sulphur - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Portsmouth - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Wilcove's Late White - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Miller's Dwarf - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Dwarf Siberian - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Danish - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
New Mammoth - white (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Purple (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *
Dwarf Late Purple (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Tall-headed Purple (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

             
Cabbage: Heavy feeder, liking fresh manure
Early York (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Dwarf York (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Bullock's Heart (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Battersea - large, late (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Sugarloaf - not very good to eat (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Paignton (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Vanack (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Atkin's Matchless - dwarf, early  (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Fulham - good (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Schulford (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Paradise - large, early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Brompton - good (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Tiley's New Early Marrow - tender, much approved (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Shilling's Queen - dwarf, early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Wheeler's Imperial - large, early, good (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Nonpareil - large veins, early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Preston's Victoria - large, early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Field Cabbage - large, for winter use (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Drumhead - large, for winter use (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Cattle Cabbage - large, for winter use (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Flatpoll - large, for winter use (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Red or Red Dutch (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Large Green - savoy type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Dwarf Green - savoy type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Cardoon:
Tours - thorny (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Spanish - thornless (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Red (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

       
Carrots: Do not like heavily manured ground, better to plant after a heavy feeding plant. Can be harvested at any size.
Early Horn - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Altringham or Long Orange - late (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Long Red Horn (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Belgain - white and yellow, more fitted for feeding horses and livestock  (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *
Very Short Horn or Grelot - French (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Violet - from Spain (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Transparent White (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Cauliflower:
Early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Late (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Celery:
Manchester Red or Solid Red (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Solid White (The Kitchen Garden 1855)


Cucumber:
Southgate or Long Green Prickly (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Black Spine (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Long Prickly (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Short Prickly - pickling (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Cluster Gherkin - pickling (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Stockwood (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Endive:
Curled - French, prettiest to look at (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Broad-leaved or Batavian - most useful and best to eat (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

    
Leek:
London Flag (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Musselburgh (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *

Lettuce:
May's Magnum Bonum - largest, sweetest and crispest (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Hardy Hammersmith - cabbage type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Brown Dutch - cabbage type (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *
White Dutch - cabbage type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Tennis-ball - cabbage type (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *
Drumhead - cabbage type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Malta or 'silesian - cabbage type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Grand Admiral - cabbage type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Texter - cabbage type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Brown Spotted Roman - cabbage type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Cabbage Victoria - cabbage type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Brown Cos or Bath Cos - cos or upright type (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *
Black-seeded Green Cos or Egyptian (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
London White - cos type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Florence - cos type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Ady's White - cos type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Paris Cos (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *
Spotted Aleppo - cos type (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *
Artichoke-leaved - cos type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)


Melon:
Queen Anne's Pocket Melon - green flesh, size of an orange


Mushroom:
Morel (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Truffle (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Onion: When harvested should be spread on the ground to dry in the sun for several days.
Tripoli - grown from seed, light red tinged with green and brown, not a good keeper, mild sweet and delicious, adapted for stewing whole (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
White Spanish or Portugal - grown from seed, good keeper (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Silver-skinned - grown from seed, milky-looking skin veined with green, used for pickling, not a good keeper, sweet (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Globe or James's - grown from seed, large spherical, good keeper (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Welsh or Ciboule - a large kind of chives (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Deptford - brownish, grown from seed, moderate size, good keeper (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Blood-red - grown from seed, strong flavor, not large, excellent keeper (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Madeira - grown from seed, large mild and pale (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Lisbon - grown from seed (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Strasburg - grown from seed, brown oval, good keeper (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Potato-Onion (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Orache or Mountain Spinach:
Green Orache
Purple-leaved
Bonne Dame, Good Lady, Belle Dame or Pretty Lady

    
Parsnep: Should not be harvested until fully ripe. Should not be transplanted.
Hollow-crowned (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *
Turnip-rooted - worthless (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Jersey (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Guernsey (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Pea:
Early Frame single-blossomed (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Fram double-blossomed (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Warwick (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Conqueror (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Prince Albert (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *
Sangster's (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Paradise (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Bivort de Belgique (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Nain Hatif de Hollande (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Michaux de Hollande (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Emperor (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Floanagan's Early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Charlton or Nimble Tailor (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Bishop's Early Dwarf (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Eclipse (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Auvergne - summer (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Blue Scimitar - summer (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Dwarf Blue Prussian - summer (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Thurston's Reliance - summer (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Fairbeard's Champion of England - summer (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Woodford's Green Marrow - summer (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Milford Marrow - summer (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Knight's Dwarf Green Marrowfat - summer (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Hairs's Mammoth Marrow - summer (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Knight's Tall Marrow - autumnal (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Green's Tall late Marrow - autumnal (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Victoria Tall Marrow - autumnal (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Oxford Tom - autumnal (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Bishop's Dwarf - grow no higher than 15 inches (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Groom's Dwarf - grow no higher than 15 inches (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Queen of Dwarfs - grow no higher than 15 inches (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Valparaiso - dwarf - grow no higher than 15 inches (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
American Dwarf - grow no higher than 15 inches (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Potatoe: Does well to be grown in newly manured ground
Kidney - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Shaw - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Champion - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Chapman's Kidney - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Negro - black skinned, served with the skin on (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Dutch - small, round late (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Cornwall Kidney (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Frame (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Fox's Seedling - dwarf-growing kind (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Oford - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Ash-leaved Kidney - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Ready Penny - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Yellow Golden - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Manley - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Prizefighter - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Belge Native or Early Belain or Neuf-Semaines or Nine-weeks (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
York Regent - late (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Blush Kidney - late (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Lancashire Pink-eyed - late (The Kitchen Garden 1855)


Pumpkins, Vegetable Marrows and Gourds:
Portmanteau or Naples Gourd - cylindrical fruit, more than half a yard long, cut in half, baked and eaten cold in slices (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Potiron Jaune or Mammoth Gourd (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Orange Gourd - smooth and warty, chimney ornaments (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Pear-fruited Gourd - chimney ornament, shining green and yellow skin (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Snake Cucumber - green vegetable serpents 3-6 feet in length (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Club Gourd - Venetians, bludgeons a yard or more long (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Crook-neck - small yellow slightly warty fruit (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Bottle Gourd - supplied drinking-vessels (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Turk's Cap - turban shaped, best to eat (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Radish:
Early Scarlet Short-top (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
White Spanish (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Yellow Spanish (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Black Spanish (The Kitchen Garden 1855) * Buy Here *

Sorrel:
Round-leaved (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Broad-leaved (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Golden  (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Spinach:
Round-leaved (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Smooth-seeded (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Oblong Triangular-leaved (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Flanders or Large-leaved (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

   
Tree-onion or Bulb-bearing Onion:
Oignon a tete - French type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Oignon d'Egypte - French type (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

  
Turnip: Grows best in sandy soil with marine manure. Slugs are a problem.
Early Stone - early  (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
White Stone - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Yellow Malta - early (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
American Stone or Purple American - has purple shoulders (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Yellow Aberdeen or Scotch - hardy and well flavored (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Early Dutch (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Orange Jelly (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Teltow - French (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Freneuse - French (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Navet de Meauz - French (The Kitchen Garden 1855)
Long Yellow (The Kitchen Garden 1855)

Misc: No variety names were given
Salsify or Goat's Beard
Scorzonera, Viper's-Grass or Spanish Salsify
Skirret
Chicort, Succory or Wild Endive
Jerusalem Artichoke
Shallots
Chives or Cives
Garlic
Rocambole
Oca
Chinese Potato or Yam
Brussels Sprouts
Kohl-Rabi
Pe-tsai or Pak-Choi
Sea Kale
Celeriac or Turnip-rooted Celery
Wild Spinach or Good King Henry
White Beet - leaves used for garnish
Patience, Herb Patience or Patience-dock - used in place of spinach
New Zealand Spinach - used in place of spinach
Chicory
Barbe de Capucin or Capuchin's Beard
Dandelion
Corn-salad, Lamb-lettuce, Mache, Coquille, Boursette, Doucette or Blanchette
Garden Cress
Mustard
Rape
American Cress
Garden Rockets
Brook-lime
Water-cress
Wood-sorrel
Red Beet
Rampion
Herbs, Roots, Flowers and Fruits

     
Resources:
The Kitchen Garden 1855 was written for the English gardener but was published in New York as well and was available to the American gardener. I personally found the information very useful. It discusses crop rotation, fertilizing with leaf mould, manure and bone dust, and the planting, growing and harvesting of most vegetables.